Tukukkk

This is my first pygame project that I've worked on and wanted to start with something simple. Pong was, I think, a pretty good choice now that I'm done with it. I will continue to make improvements to the game and adjustments, but I would like the community to review and give suggestions for improvements. I'm a hobbyist and know next to nothing about computer science.

The improvements I had in mind for the next version would be changing the angle of the ball based on where on the paddle the ball hits and adding sound. I'm also going to work on a simple AI for single player.

I'm looking to see if my code is structured in a way that is not normal or is just bad by design. I'm interested to hear about using this style of coding for larger games and how it scales as the game gets bigger. Let me know what you think.

import pygame

import math



pygame.init()



screensize1 = 1500

screensize2 = 1000



win = pygame.display.set_mode((screensize1, screensize2))



pygame.display.set_caption('Test Environment')





class Player(object):

    def __init__(self, color, x, y, width, height, score):

        self.color = color

        self.x = x

        self.y = y

        self.width = width

        self.height = height

        self.vel = 20

        self.score = score

        self.up = False

        self.down = False





class Projectile(object):

    def __init__(self, x, y, angle):

        self.x = x

        self.y = y

        self.radius = 6

        self.color = (255, 255, 255)

        self.angle = angle

        self.vel = 20

        self.xvel = int(round((math.sin(math.radians(self.angle)) * self.vel), 0))

        self.yvel = int(round((math.cos(math.radians(self.angle)) * self.vel), 0))





def redraw_game_window():

    global Char2Win, Char1Win, s1_WaitToStart

    win.fill((0, 0, 0))

    pygame.draw.line(win, (255, 0, 0), (screensize1//2, 0), (screensize1//2, screensize2), 4)

    if s1_WaitToStart is True:

        win.blit(pygame.font.SysFont('None', 50).render('Press Space To Start', 0, (255, 255, 255)), ((screensize1//2)-180, ((screensize2//2)-25)))

    if Char1Win is True:

        win.blit(pygame.font.SysFont('None', 50).render('Player 1 Wins', 0, (255, 255, 255)), ((screensize1//4)-160, ((screensize2//2)-25)))

        win.blit(pygame.font.SysFont('None', 50).render('Press Space To Start New Game', 0, (255, 255, 255)), ((screensize1//2)-200, ((screensize2//4 + screensize2//2)-25)))

    if Char2Win is True:

        win.blit(pygame.font.SysFont('None', 50).render('Player 2 Wins', 0, (255, 255, 255)), ((screensize1//4 + screensize1//2)-160, ((screensize2//2)-25)))

        win.blit(pygame.font.SysFont('None', 50).render('Press Space To Start New Game', 0, (255, 255, 255)), ((screensize1//2)-200, ((screensize2//4 + screensize2//2)-25)))

    win.blit(pygame.font.SysFont('None', 100).render(str(char1.score) + '     ' + str(char2.score), 0, (255, 255, 255)), ((screensize1//2)-85, 20))

    pygame.draw.rect(win, char1.color, (char1.x, char1.y, char1.width, char1.height))

    pygame.draw.rect(win, char2.color, (char2.x, char2.y, char2.width, char2.height))

    pygame.draw.circle(win, ball.color, (ball.x, ball.y), ball.radius)

    pygame.display.update()





char1 = Player((255, 0, 0), 25, (screensize2//2) - 90, 25, 160, 0)

char2 = Player((255, 0, 0), screensize1 - 50, (screensize2//2) - 90, 25, 160, 0)

ball = Projectile((screensize1//8) + (screensize1//4), screensize2//4, 315)



s1_WaitToStart = True

s2_BallAtPlayerOne = False

s3_PlayerTwoScore = False

s4_PlayerOneHit = False

s5_HitsWall = False

s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = False

s7_PlayerOneScore = False

s8_PlayerTwoHit = False



Char1Win = False

Char2Win = False

laststate = ''





run = True

while run:

    pygame.time.delay(30)



    for event in pygame.event.get():

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

            run = False



    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()



    if keys[pygame.K_w] and char1.y > char1.vel:

        char1.y -= char1.vel

    if keys[pygame.K_s] and char1.y < screensize2 - char1.height - char1.vel:

        char1.y += char1.vel



    if keys[pygame.K_UP] and char2.y > char2.vel:

        char2.y -= char2.vel

    if keys[pygame.K_DOWN] and char2.y < screensize2 - char2.height - char2.vel:

        char2.y += char2.vel



# STATES OF GAME PLAY *************************************************************************************************



    if s1_WaitToStart is True:

        ball.x = (screensize1//8) + (screensize1//4)

        ball.y = screensize2//4

        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:

            s2_BallAtPlayerOne = True

            s1_WaitToStart = False



    if s1_WaitToStart is False and s7_PlayerOneScore is False and s3_PlayerTwoScore is False and s4_PlayerOneHit is False and s8_PlayerTwoHit is False and s5_HitsWall is False:

        ball.x += ball.xvel

        ball.y += ball.yvel



    if s2_BallAtPlayerOne is True:

        ball.xvel = int(round((math.sin(math.radians(ball.angle)) * ball.vel), 0))

        ball.yvel = int(round((math.cos(math.radians(ball.angle)) * ball.vel), 0))

        if ball.x <= char1.x + char1.width:

            if char1.y - (2 * ball.radius) < ball.y or ball.y < char1.y + char1.height:

                s4_PlayerOneHit = True

                s2_BallAtPlayerOne = False

        if ball.x < char1.x + char1.width + ball.radius:

            if char1.y + char1.height + ball.radius <= ball.y or ball.y <= char1.y - ball.radius:

                s3_PlayerTwoScore = True

                s2_BallAtPlayerOne = False

        if ball.y >= screensize2 - (2 * ball.radius):

            if laststate != 's5':

                s5_HitsWall = True

                s2_BallAtPlayerOne = False

        if ball.y <= 0 + (2 * ball.radius):

            if laststate != 's5':

                s5_HitsWall = True

                s2_BallAtPlayerOne = False

        laststate = 's2'



    if s3_PlayerTwoScore is True:

        char2.score += 1

        if char2.score == 4:

            Char2Win = True

            s3_PlayerTwoScore = False

        ball.x = (screensize1 // 8) + (screensize1 // 2)

        ball.y = screensize2 // 4

        ball.angle = 315

        s2_BallAtPlayerOne = True

        s3_PlayerTwoScore = False

        laststate = 's3'



    if s4_PlayerOneHit is True:

        ball.xvel = 0

        ball.yvel = 0

        if 0 < ball.angle > 270:

            ball.angle -= 270

            ball.x += ball.xvel

            ball.y += ball.yvel

            s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = True

            s4_PlayerOneHit = False

        elif 270 > ball.angle > 180:

            ball.angle -= 90

            ball.x += ball.xvel

            ball.y += ball.yvel

            s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = True

            s4_PlayerOneHit = False

        laststate = 's4'



    if s5_HitsWall is True:

        ball.xvel = 0

        ball.yvel = 0

        if ball.y < screensize2//2:

            if 180 > ball.angle > 90:

                ball.angle -= 90

                s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = True

                s5_HitsWall = False

            else:

                ball.angle += 90

                s2_BallAtPlayerOne = True

                s5_HitsWall = False

        if ball.y > screensize2//2:

            if 0 < ball.angle < 90:

                ball.angle += 90

                s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = True

                s5_HitsWall = False

            else:

                ball.angle -= 90

                s2_BallAtPlayerOne = True

                s5_HitsWall = False

        laststate = 's5'



    if s6_BallAtPlayerTwo is True:

        ball.xvel = int(round((math.sin(math.radians(ball.angle)) * ball.vel), 0))

        ball.yvel = int(round((math.cos(math.radians(ball.angle)) * ball.vel), 0))

        if ball.x >= char2.x - (2 * ball.radius):

            if char2.y - (2 * ball.radius) < ball.y or ball.y < char2.y + char2.height + ball.y:

                s8_PlayerTwoHit = True

                s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = False

        if ball.x > char2.x - (2 * ball.radius):

            if char2.y + char2.height <= ball.y or ball.y <= char2.y - (2 * ball.radius):

                s7_PlayerOneScore = True

                s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = False

        if ball.y >= screensize2 - (2 * ball.radius):

            if laststate != 's5':

                s5_HitsWall = True

                s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = False

        if ball.y <= 0 + (2 * ball.radius):

            if laststate != 's5':

                s5_HitsWall = True

                s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = False

        laststate = 's6'



    if s7_PlayerOneScore is True:

        char1.score += 1

        if char1.score == 4:

            Char1Win = True

            s7_PlayerOneScore = False

        ball.x = (screensize1 // 8) + (screensize1 // 4)

        ball.y = screensize2 // 4

        ball.angle = 45

        s6_BallAtPlayerTwo = True

        s7_PlayerOneScore = False

        laststate = 's7'



    if s8_PlayerTwoHit is True:

        ball.xvel = 0

        ball.yvel = 0

        if 0 < ball.angle < 90:

            ball.angle += 270

            ball.x += ball.xvel

            ball.y += ball.yvel

            s2_BallAtPlayerOne = True

            s8_PlayerTwoHit = False

        elif 90 < ball.angle < 180:

            ball.angle += 90

            ball.x += ball.xvel

            ball.y += ball.yvel

            s2_BallAtPlayerOne = True

            s8_PlayerTwoHit = False

        laststate = 's8'



    if Char2Win is True:

        ball.xvel = 0

        ball.yvel = 0

        ball.x = (screensize1 // 8) + (screensize1 // 4)

        ball.y = screensize2 // 4

        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:

            char2.score = 0

            char1.score = 0

            Char2Win = False

            s1_WaitToStart = True



    if Char1Win is True:

        ball.xvel = 0

        ball.yvel = 0

        ball.x = (screensize1 // 8) + (screensize1 // 4)

        ball.y = screensize2 // 4

        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:

            char2.score = 0

            char1.score = 0

            Char1Win = False

            s1_WaitToStart = True



    redraw_game_window()



pygame.quit()

This is a good start. Working from top to bottom here are some things I notice:

• Minimal imports is usually a good sign, just make sure you aren't doing unnecessary work because Python is batteries included




• Classes are a good way to organize things, but I would suggest that you add some default values to your initializers, and potentially some verification that values are valid (e.g. can x/y/radius be negative, etc.)




• if s1_WaitToStart is True: can just be if s1_WaitToStart: (this happens a lot in the code you provided)




• Global variables are (usually) bad. I would consider wrapping them in a Config or State object




• I would wrap the while run: block in a top-level environment




• # STATES OF GAME PLAY ************************************************************************************************* oof

At this point we've made it pretty far into your example and things are looking alright. But usually a long comment dividing up some code indicates that things are getting smelly. I would think about how you keep track of the game's state with its own object, and refactor your ball mechanics into reusable functions. Really just breaking up the game logic loop that you have would make this more digestible to the reader, and closer to what someone with software engineering experience would expect. Adding comments is (usually) a good thing as well. To help you think about what behavior lends itself to good code, ask yourself if the code you're writing would scale to 2, 5, 10, 100+ users, and if you would be able to jump back into the block you're in the middle of after a month without looking at it.