How to properly use -MD flag in Makefile












0















I'm trying to create a Makefile where make only recompiles necessary .cpp files.



By default, it works well if I edit .cpp, however, when I edit .h files, it just ignores the changes.



So I've read of -MD flag and its friend -MP (used to avoid bugs when typing make).



However, I can't seem to make it working, if I use -MMD, it works perfectly but I rely on system includes too as I'm writing a library too that is evolving along with the project. Thus, if I update the libary header and reinstall the library, typing make in the main project should recompiles files that includes the changed header.



When using -MMD flag, it - as expected - does not recompile the project, however, using -MD flag, it does recompile everything. In fact, -MD recompiles everything every time, even when nothing changed.



Here is a minimal project structure that reproduce the issue:



./Makefile:



all: build

re: clean build

build: build_lib install_lib build_client

build_lib:
$(MAKE) -C lib
$(MAKE) install -C lib

build_client:
$(MAKE) -C client

install_lib:
$(MAKE) install -C lib


.PHONY: clean
clean: clean_lib clean_client

clean_lib:
$(MAKE) clean -C lib

clean_client:
$(MAKE) clean -C client


./client/Makefile:



CC = g++
INC = -I../lib
CXXFLAGS = -Wall $(INC) -g -MD -MP
EXEC_NAME = ../test

src = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
obj = $(src:.cpp=.o)

LIBRARIES = -ltest_lib
LDFLAGS = -rdynamic $(LIBRARIES)

all: $(EXEC_NAME)

re: clean $(EXEC_NAME)

$(EXEC_NAME): $(obj)
$(CC) -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(obj:.o=.d)

.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f $(obj) $(EXEC_NAME)


./lib/Makefile:



.PHONY : clean

CXXFLAGS= -fPIC -g -Itest_lib/include -MMD -MP
LDFLAGS= -shared

SOURCES = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
HEADERS = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.h')
OBJECTS=$(SOURCES:.cpp=.o)

TARGET=libtest_lib.so
INC_FOLDER=test_lib/include
CUR_DIR = $(shell pwd)

all: $(TARGET)

install:
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(TARGET) /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib

clean:
rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(TARGET)

$(TARGET) : $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(OBJECTS:.o=.d)


./client/main.cpp:



#include "bar.h"

int main()
{
Bar b;

b.sayHello();
b.sayBye();

return 0;
}


./client/bar.h



#ifndef __BAR__
#define __BAR__

#include <test_lib/foo.h>
#include <iostream>

struct Bar : public Foo
{
Bar() {};
~Bar() {};

void sayBye() const {
std::cout << "Bye " << name << "..." << std::endl;
};
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/include/foo.h



#ifndef __FOO__
#define __FOO__

struct Foo
{
const char *name;

Foo(const char *name = "world");
~Foo();

void sayHello() const;
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/src



#include "foo.h"
#include <iostream>

Foo::Foo(const char *name) : name(name) {}
Foo::~Foo() {}

void Foo::sayHello() const
{
std::cout << "Hello " << name << " !" << std::endl;
}









share|improve this question




















  • 1





    Please post a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example that still shows the issue, you need to show an example of your include directives and folder structure.

    – user657267
    Nov 24 '18 at 6:44











  • We can't help given this info. I think you can debug this yourself. First, find the .d files that are generated and look at them. Are they in the right place? That is for every srcdir/foo.c is there a srcdir/foo.d file? Do the contents seem sane? Are the target names correct for the .o files? Are the prerequisite paths correct? If that seems fine, then run make -d (redirect the voluminous output to a file). Locate the process make goes through to decide to rebuild a sample .o. It will tell you exactly what files were out of date. Is it right?

    – MadScientist
    Nov 24 '18 at 14:43











  • @MadScientist make -d indeed helped here. and I understand what's going on here, see my edit, I'm actually reinstalling the library everytime so it thinks the file has changed based on its date. I think I can figure out a better way to update the library

    – Masadow
    Nov 26 '18 at 11:36
















0















I'm trying to create a Makefile where make only recompiles necessary .cpp files.



By default, it works well if I edit .cpp, however, when I edit .h files, it just ignores the changes.



So I've read of -MD flag and its friend -MP (used to avoid bugs when typing make).



However, I can't seem to make it working, if I use -MMD, it works perfectly but I rely on system includes too as I'm writing a library too that is evolving along with the project. Thus, if I update the libary header and reinstall the library, typing make in the main project should recompiles files that includes the changed header.



When using -MMD flag, it - as expected - does not recompile the project, however, using -MD flag, it does recompile everything. In fact, -MD recompiles everything every time, even when nothing changed.



Here is a minimal project structure that reproduce the issue:



./Makefile:



all: build

re: clean build

build: build_lib install_lib build_client

build_lib:
$(MAKE) -C lib
$(MAKE) install -C lib

build_client:
$(MAKE) -C client

install_lib:
$(MAKE) install -C lib


.PHONY: clean
clean: clean_lib clean_client

clean_lib:
$(MAKE) clean -C lib

clean_client:
$(MAKE) clean -C client


./client/Makefile:



CC = g++
INC = -I../lib
CXXFLAGS = -Wall $(INC) -g -MD -MP
EXEC_NAME = ../test

src = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
obj = $(src:.cpp=.o)

LIBRARIES = -ltest_lib
LDFLAGS = -rdynamic $(LIBRARIES)

all: $(EXEC_NAME)

re: clean $(EXEC_NAME)

$(EXEC_NAME): $(obj)
$(CC) -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(obj:.o=.d)

.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f $(obj) $(EXEC_NAME)


./lib/Makefile:



.PHONY : clean

CXXFLAGS= -fPIC -g -Itest_lib/include -MMD -MP
LDFLAGS= -shared

SOURCES = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
HEADERS = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.h')
OBJECTS=$(SOURCES:.cpp=.o)

TARGET=libtest_lib.so
INC_FOLDER=test_lib/include
CUR_DIR = $(shell pwd)

all: $(TARGET)

install:
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(TARGET) /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib

clean:
rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(TARGET)

$(TARGET) : $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(OBJECTS:.o=.d)


./client/main.cpp:



#include "bar.h"

int main()
{
Bar b;

b.sayHello();
b.sayBye();

return 0;
}


./client/bar.h



#ifndef __BAR__
#define __BAR__

#include <test_lib/foo.h>
#include <iostream>

struct Bar : public Foo
{
Bar() {};
~Bar() {};

void sayBye() const {
std::cout << "Bye " << name << "..." << std::endl;
};
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/include/foo.h



#ifndef __FOO__
#define __FOO__

struct Foo
{
const char *name;

Foo(const char *name = "world");
~Foo();

void sayHello() const;
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/src



#include "foo.h"
#include <iostream>

Foo::Foo(const char *name) : name(name) {}
Foo::~Foo() {}

void Foo::sayHello() const
{
std::cout << "Hello " << name << " !" << std::endl;
}









share|improve this question




















  • 1





    Please post a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example that still shows the issue, you need to show an example of your include directives and folder structure.

    – user657267
    Nov 24 '18 at 6:44











  • We can't help given this info. I think you can debug this yourself. First, find the .d files that are generated and look at them. Are they in the right place? That is for every srcdir/foo.c is there a srcdir/foo.d file? Do the contents seem sane? Are the target names correct for the .o files? Are the prerequisite paths correct? If that seems fine, then run make -d (redirect the voluminous output to a file). Locate the process make goes through to decide to rebuild a sample .o. It will tell you exactly what files were out of date. Is it right?

    – MadScientist
    Nov 24 '18 at 14:43











  • @MadScientist make -d indeed helped here. and I understand what's going on here, see my edit, I'm actually reinstalling the library everytime so it thinks the file has changed based on its date. I think I can figure out a better way to update the library

    – Masadow
    Nov 26 '18 at 11:36














0












0








0








I'm trying to create a Makefile where make only recompiles necessary .cpp files.



By default, it works well if I edit .cpp, however, when I edit .h files, it just ignores the changes.



So I've read of -MD flag and its friend -MP (used to avoid bugs when typing make).



However, I can't seem to make it working, if I use -MMD, it works perfectly but I rely on system includes too as I'm writing a library too that is evolving along with the project. Thus, if I update the libary header and reinstall the library, typing make in the main project should recompiles files that includes the changed header.



When using -MMD flag, it - as expected - does not recompile the project, however, using -MD flag, it does recompile everything. In fact, -MD recompiles everything every time, even when nothing changed.



Here is a minimal project structure that reproduce the issue:



./Makefile:



all: build

re: clean build

build: build_lib install_lib build_client

build_lib:
$(MAKE) -C lib
$(MAKE) install -C lib

build_client:
$(MAKE) -C client

install_lib:
$(MAKE) install -C lib


.PHONY: clean
clean: clean_lib clean_client

clean_lib:
$(MAKE) clean -C lib

clean_client:
$(MAKE) clean -C client


./client/Makefile:



CC = g++
INC = -I../lib
CXXFLAGS = -Wall $(INC) -g -MD -MP
EXEC_NAME = ../test

src = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
obj = $(src:.cpp=.o)

LIBRARIES = -ltest_lib
LDFLAGS = -rdynamic $(LIBRARIES)

all: $(EXEC_NAME)

re: clean $(EXEC_NAME)

$(EXEC_NAME): $(obj)
$(CC) -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(obj:.o=.d)

.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f $(obj) $(EXEC_NAME)


./lib/Makefile:



.PHONY : clean

CXXFLAGS= -fPIC -g -Itest_lib/include -MMD -MP
LDFLAGS= -shared

SOURCES = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
HEADERS = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.h')
OBJECTS=$(SOURCES:.cpp=.o)

TARGET=libtest_lib.so
INC_FOLDER=test_lib/include
CUR_DIR = $(shell pwd)

all: $(TARGET)

install:
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(TARGET) /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib

clean:
rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(TARGET)

$(TARGET) : $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(OBJECTS:.o=.d)


./client/main.cpp:



#include "bar.h"

int main()
{
Bar b;

b.sayHello();
b.sayBye();

return 0;
}


./client/bar.h



#ifndef __BAR__
#define __BAR__

#include <test_lib/foo.h>
#include <iostream>

struct Bar : public Foo
{
Bar() {};
~Bar() {};

void sayBye() const {
std::cout << "Bye " << name << "..." << std::endl;
};
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/include/foo.h



#ifndef __FOO__
#define __FOO__

struct Foo
{
const char *name;

Foo(const char *name = "world");
~Foo();

void sayHello() const;
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/src



#include "foo.h"
#include <iostream>

Foo::Foo(const char *name) : name(name) {}
Foo::~Foo() {}

void Foo::sayHello() const
{
std::cout << "Hello " << name << " !" << std::endl;
}









share|improve this question
















I'm trying to create a Makefile where make only recompiles necessary .cpp files.



By default, it works well if I edit .cpp, however, when I edit .h files, it just ignores the changes.



So I've read of -MD flag and its friend -MP (used to avoid bugs when typing make).



However, I can't seem to make it working, if I use -MMD, it works perfectly but I rely on system includes too as I'm writing a library too that is evolving along with the project. Thus, if I update the libary header and reinstall the library, typing make in the main project should recompiles files that includes the changed header.



When using -MMD flag, it - as expected - does not recompile the project, however, using -MD flag, it does recompile everything. In fact, -MD recompiles everything every time, even when nothing changed.



Here is a minimal project structure that reproduce the issue:



./Makefile:



all: build

re: clean build

build: build_lib install_lib build_client

build_lib:
$(MAKE) -C lib
$(MAKE) install -C lib

build_client:
$(MAKE) -C client

install_lib:
$(MAKE) install -C lib


.PHONY: clean
clean: clean_lib clean_client

clean_lib:
$(MAKE) clean -C lib

clean_client:
$(MAKE) clean -C client


./client/Makefile:



CC = g++
INC = -I../lib
CXXFLAGS = -Wall $(INC) -g -MD -MP
EXEC_NAME = ../test

src = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
obj = $(src:.cpp=.o)

LIBRARIES = -ltest_lib
LDFLAGS = -rdynamic $(LIBRARIES)

all: $(EXEC_NAME)

re: clean $(EXEC_NAME)

$(EXEC_NAME): $(obj)
$(CC) -o $@ $^ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(obj:.o=.d)

.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f $(obj) $(EXEC_NAME)


./lib/Makefile:



.PHONY : clean

CXXFLAGS= -fPIC -g -Itest_lib/include -MMD -MP
LDFLAGS= -shared

SOURCES = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.cpp')
HEADERS = $(shell find $(SOURCEDIR) -name '*.h')
OBJECTS=$(SOURCES:.cpp=.o)

TARGET=libtest_lib.so
INC_FOLDER=test_lib/include
CUR_DIR = $(shell pwd)

all: $(TARGET)

install:
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(TARGET) /usr/local/lib/libtest_lib.so
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib

clean:
rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(TARGET)

$(TARGET) : $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS)
-include $(OBJECTS:.o=.d)


./client/main.cpp:



#include "bar.h"

int main()
{
Bar b;

b.sayHello();
b.sayBye();

return 0;
}


./client/bar.h



#ifndef __BAR__
#define __BAR__

#include <test_lib/foo.h>
#include <iostream>

struct Bar : public Foo
{
Bar() {};
~Bar() {};

void sayBye() const {
std::cout << "Bye " << name << "..." << std::endl;
};
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/include/foo.h



#ifndef __FOO__
#define __FOO__

struct Foo
{
const char *name;

Foo(const char *name = "world");
~Foo();

void sayHello() const;
};

#endif


./lib/test_lib/src



#include "foo.h"
#include <iostream>

Foo::Foo(const char *name) : name(name) {}
Foo::~Foo() {}

void Foo::sayHello() const
{
std::cout << "Hello " << name << " !" << std::endl;
}






makefile






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Nov 26 '18 at 11:28







Masadow

















asked Nov 24 '18 at 0:24









MasadowMasadow

462212




462212








  • 1





    Please post a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example that still shows the issue, you need to show an example of your include directives and folder structure.

    – user657267
    Nov 24 '18 at 6:44











  • We can't help given this info. I think you can debug this yourself. First, find the .d files that are generated and look at them. Are they in the right place? That is for every srcdir/foo.c is there a srcdir/foo.d file? Do the contents seem sane? Are the target names correct for the .o files? Are the prerequisite paths correct? If that seems fine, then run make -d (redirect the voluminous output to a file). Locate the process make goes through to decide to rebuild a sample .o. It will tell you exactly what files were out of date. Is it right?

    – MadScientist
    Nov 24 '18 at 14:43











  • @MadScientist make -d indeed helped here. and I understand what's going on here, see my edit, I'm actually reinstalling the library everytime so it thinks the file has changed based on its date. I think I can figure out a better way to update the library

    – Masadow
    Nov 26 '18 at 11:36














  • 1





    Please post a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example that still shows the issue, you need to show an example of your include directives and folder structure.

    – user657267
    Nov 24 '18 at 6:44











  • We can't help given this info. I think you can debug this yourself. First, find the .d files that are generated and look at them. Are they in the right place? That is for every srcdir/foo.c is there a srcdir/foo.d file? Do the contents seem sane? Are the target names correct for the .o files? Are the prerequisite paths correct? If that seems fine, then run make -d (redirect the voluminous output to a file). Locate the process make goes through to decide to rebuild a sample .o. It will tell you exactly what files were out of date. Is it right?

    – MadScientist
    Nov 24 '18 at 14:43











  • @MadScientist make -d indeed helped here. and I understand what's going on here, see my edit, I'm actually reinstalling the library everytime so it thinks the file has changed based on its date. I think I can figure out a better way to update the library

    – Masadow
    Nov 26 '18 at 11:36








1




1





Please post a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example that still shows the issue, you need to show an example of your include directives and folder structure.

– user657267
Nov 24 '18 at 6:44





Please post a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example that still shows the issue, you need to show an example of your include directives and folder structure.

– user657267
Nov 24 '18 at 6:44













We can't help given this info. I think you can debug this yourself. First, find the .d files that are generated and look at them. Are they in the right place? That is for every srcdir/foo.c is there a srcdir/foo.d file? Do the contents seem sane? Are the target names correct for the .o files? Are the prerequisite paths correct? If that seems fine, then run make -d (redirect the voluminous output to a file). Locate the process make goes through to decide to rebuild a sample .o. It will tell you exactly what files were out of date. Is it right?

– MadScientist
Nov 24 '18 at 14:43





We can't help given this info. I think you can debug this yourself. First, find the .d files that are generated and look at them. Are they in the right place? That is for every srcdir/foo.c is there a srcdir/foo.d file? Do the contents seem sane? Are the target names correct for the .o files? Are the prerequisite paths correct? If that seems fine, then run make -d (redirect the voluminous output to a file). Locate the process make goes through to decide to rebuild a sample .o. It will tell you exactly what files were out of date. Is it right?

– MadScientist
Nov 24 '18 at 14:43













@MadScientist make -d indeed helped here. and I understand what's going on here, see my edit, I'm actually reinstalling the library everytime so it thinks the file has changed based on its date. I think I can figure out a better way to update the library

– Masadow
Nov 26 '18 at 11:36





@MadScientist make -d indeed helped here. and I understand what's going on here, see my edit, I'm actually reinstalling the library everytime so it thinks the file has changed based on its date. I think I can figure out a better way to update the library

– Masadow
Nov 26 '18 at 11:36












1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















0














Problem was that I copied the library headers all the time in /usr/local so the files got newer and the client make then thought every header of the library had changed.



A simple fix to this problem was to replace in the library Makefile the following line:



sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



by



sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



On a side note, provided example is missing the removal of .d files on the clean rule.






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    Problem was that I copied the library headers all the time in /usr/local so the files got newer and the client make then thought every header of the library had changed.



    A simple fix to this problem was to replace in the library Makefile the following line:



    sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



    by



    sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



    On a side note, provided example is missing the removal of .d files on the clean rule.






    share|improve this answer




























      0














      Problem was that I copied the library headers all the time in /usr/local so the files got newer and the client make then thought every header of the library had changed.



      A simple fix to this problem was to replace in the library Makefile the following line:



      sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



      by



      sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



      On a side note, provided example is missing the removal of .d files on the clean rule.






      share|improve this answer


























        0












        0








        0







        Problem was that I copied the library headers all the time in /usr/local so the files got newer and the client make then thought every header of the library had changed.



        A simple fix to this problem was to replace in the library Makefile the following line:



        sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



        by



        sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



        On a side note, provided example is missing the removal of .d files on the clean rule.






        share|improve this answer













        Problem was that I copied the library headers all the time in /usr/local so the files got newer and the client make then thought every header of the library had changed.



        A simple fix to this problem was to replace in the library Makefile the following line:



        sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo cp -r $(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



        by



        sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/test_lib && sudo ln -s $(CUR_DIR)/$(INC_FOLDER) /usr/local/include/test_lib



        On a side note, provided example is missing the removal of .d files on the clean rule.







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered Nov 26 '18 at 11:47









        MasadowMasadow

        462212




        462212
































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